Catalog / order

Rugosa

A systematic review shows that morphological variation and homoplasy complicate Paleozoic coral, including rugose-coral, classification; Rugosa is therefore retained as a fossil systematic unit without claiming exact ancestry or endpoints. This navigation entry is not a phylogeny or a complete taxon dossier.

Represented range471.3–251.9 Ma

Content packagesponges-cnidarians

PBDBNot linked

Evidence boundary

Automated checks cover structure, identifiers, translations and links only; maintainer and external expert review are not complete.

Claim ledger

taxonomy · medium

claim:taxon:rugosa

fossil-range · medium

Rugosa is displayed at 471.3–251.9 Ma as Oliver’s review-bounded Middle Ordovician–end-Permian fossil record; the numerical conversion is not a specimen-level FAD/LAD or a claim of uninterrupted global occupancy.

claim:taxon:rugosa:range-boundary-rc50

Known limits

A missing branch or fossil occurrence does not imply biological absence. Internal nodes are not calibrated divergence estimates.
PBDB external identifier withheld: accepted-rank-mismatch.

References

Origins and relationships of Paleozoic coral groups and the origin of the ScleractiniaOliver, W.A., Jr. · 1996 · DOI 10.1017/S1089332600000073
International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2026/06Cohen, K.M.; Harper, D.A.T.; Gibbard, P.L.; Car, N. · 2026 · DOI 10.18814/epiiugs/2025/025001
Open Tree of Life web servicesOpenTreeOfLife Project
The Paleobiology Database application programming interfacePeters, S.E.; McClennen, M. · 2016 · DOI 10.1017/pab.2015.39
Morphological variation and homoplasy: the challenge of Paleozoic coral systematicsWebb, G.E. · 1996 · DOI 10.1017/S1089332600000085

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