Spiny chondrichthyan from the lower Silurian of South China

Fanjingshania renovata from the late Aeronian Rongxi Formation at approximately 439 Ma is represented by holotype IVPP V27433.1 and more than one thousand isolated dermal elements; tomography of IVPP V27433.8–12 and V27434.2 shows a stem-chondrichthyan shoulder spine–plate complex formed through multiple growth centres and cyclical bone-and-dentine resorption, without an articulated body or associated dentition.

The historical Acanthodii navigation grade begins at the approximately 439 Ma Fanjingshania dermoskeletal sample, which the cited analysis places on the chondrichthyan stem; the 252 Ma younger edge is a rounded legacy composite, not evidence that Acanthodii is monophyletic or that Fanjingshania is a direct ancestor or global first occurrence.

The Stem-chondrichthyan evidence route navigation entity is source-linked only to the named specimen, dataset and analysis dossiers already cited by its range ledger. Its displayed span is a study-bounded route or sample envelope, not a biological taxon, ancestor sequence, global FAD/LAD or exact origin interval.

Fanjingshania renovata is represented by holotype IVPP V27433.1 and more than 1000 isolated dermal elements from the late Aeronian Rongxi Formation at approximately 439 Ma; this source-linked sample is not a clade-wide origin, global FAD/LAD, direct ancestor or exact complete range.