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References / paper

The Late Precambrian fossil Kimberella is a mollusc-like bilaterian organism

Fedonkin, M.A.; Waggoner, B.M.

Year1997
Source roleprimary-study
DOI / ID10.1038/42242

Fitness and scope

morphology · taxonomy · range · biogeography · ecology

More than 35 White Sea specimens document a bilaterally symmetrical benthic organism with a non-mineralized dorsal cover; molluscan affinity is an interpretation rather than an observed crown assignment.

Claim ledger

morphology · medium

More than 35 White Sea Kimberella specimens document a bilaterally symmetrical benthic body with a broad foot-like region and a non-mineralized dorsal cover; resemblance to molluscs is a bounded interpretation, not crown membership or a preserved radula.

claim:event:kimberella-white-sea-morphology
taxonomy · medium

Kimberella quadrata shows mollusc-like characters in the White Sea sample, but the profile does not assign crown-Mollusca membership or direct ancestry.

claim:taxon:kimberella:taxonomy
biogeography · medium

The profile is restricted to the cited White Sea assemblage and does not treat it as the complete distribution of Kimberella.

claim:taxon:kimberella:biogeography
ecology · medium

A mobile benthic feeding mode is inferred from body form and associated surfaces; diet and a radular feeding mechanism are not directly preserved.

claim:taxon:kimberella:ecology
morphology · medium

More than 35 specimens document a bilateral body, broad foot-like region and non-mineralized dorsal cover.

claim:taxon:kimberella:morphology
fossil-range · medium

The 558–555 Ma envelope represents the cited White Sea sample, not a global species duration or molluscan first appearance.

claim:taxon:kimberella:fossil-range
morphology · medium

The 558–0 Ma Mollusca display is a navigation envelope anchored at its old end by White Sea Kimberella morphology and at its young end by living molluscs; it is not a crown-Mollusca origin, a continuous fossil record or a direct-ancestor claim.

claim:taxon:mollusca
taxonomy · contested

The molluscan-origin dossier is a navigation route through contested Kimberella affinity and the Orthrozanclus character mosaic; it does not define crown Mollusca, a direct ancestor chain or a global origin date.

claim:taxon:molluscan-origin-dossiers
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