The Serpentes route is supported by a combined genomic, phenomic and fossil analysis of sampled snakes; reconstructed early ecology and ancestral states are model results, not observed ancestors or exact clade-origin dates.
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References / paperThe origin of snakes: revealing the ecology, behavior, and evolutionary history of early snakes using genomics, phenomics, and the fossil record
Hsiang, A.Y.; Field, D.J.; Webster, T.H.; Behlke, A.D.B.; Davis, M.B.; Racicot, R.A.; Gauthier, J.A.
Year2015
Source roleprimary-study
DOI / ID10.1186/s12862-015-0358-5
Fitness and scope
taxonomy · topology · range · morphology · ecology · methods
Combined genomic, phenomic and fossil analysis of early snake relationships and ancestral-state models, with explicit model dependence.
Claim ledger
Combined tip dating inferred Pan-Serpentes near 128.5 Ma and crown snakes about 20 Myr later; the displayed 128.5 Ma–present route is model-dependent and not a fossil FAD.
claim:taxon:serpentes:range-boundary