Springer, M.S. et al.
taxonomy · topology · biogeography · methods
Primary 69-nuclear-segment and 10-mitochondrial-sequence supermatrix analysis of 367 living primate species; topology and ancestral-area results are bounded to that sample and taxonomy.
The living-primate supermatrix strongly supports the branch labelled Simiiformes in the paper, corresponding to the atlas Anthropoidea route; this name mapping is limited to sampled living relationships and does not settle all fossil anthropoid membership.
claim:taxon:anthropoidea:sampled-topologyCatarrhini is recovered as a supported higher-level branch in the 367-species living-primate supermatrix, but its internal topology and historical biogeography remain properties of that sequence sample and model, not direct fossil observations.
claim:taxon:catarrhini:sampled-topologyThe same living-primate supermatrix recovers Haplorhini with strong support in its sampled topology; that result is molecular evidence for sampled relationships, not a complete fossil membership list or a direct observation of the clade’s origin.
claim:taxon:haplorhini:sampled-topologyThe living-primate supermatrix samples the great-ape family Hominidae within Hominoidea and supports its included relationships, but the analysis neither samples extinct hominids comprehensively nor dates the family from a fossil first occurrence.
claim:taxon:hominidae:sampled-topologyHominoidea is represented in the molecular supermatrix by sampled living apes within Catarrhini; the supported node does not include every fossil hominoid or establish a 25 Ma global first appearance.
claim:taxon:hominoidea:sampled-topologyA 367-species molecular supermatrix strongly supports Strepsirrhini within the sampled living primates, but the tree omits extinct diversity and inherits the study’s 2012 species concepts; it does not date a fossil first appearance.
claim:taxon:strepsirrhini:sampled-topology